What are the signs of a hematoma during a blood draw?

Swelling and discoloration at the puncture site is indicative of a hematoma, which occurs when blood leaks out of the blood vessel into the surrounding tissue during or after a blood draw. This leakage can cause blood to accumulate locally, leading to a noticeable change in the area—hence the swelling. Discoloration typically presents as a bruise, which can range in color from reddish to bluish, depending on the amount of blood and the time that has passed since the incident. Recognizing these signs is crucial for a phlebotomy technician, as it helps in assessing the procedure’s outcome and addressing any complications promptly.

Other signs like nausea and vomiting, infection and fever, or excessive bleeding, do not specifically relate to the formation of a hematoma. While they could indicate other complications or issues during a blood draw, they are not characteristic signs of a hematoma.